ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT…

Sarah Shinton has the low-down

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• Diamonds are 99.95% pure crystallised carbon and can be from 1-3 billion years old!

• They are the hardest naturally occurring substance known to man and are formed beneath the earth’s surface when crystals of diamond occur in volcano feed pipes. When volcanoes erode, they release diamonds from their feed pipes into layers of gravel that are later mined.
• Due to the rarity of this natural process, diamond mines are found in only a handful of sites around the world.
• The word diamond is derived from the Greek word ‘Adamas’ meaning unconquerable and indestructible.
• The word carat is taken from carob seeds that people used in ancient times to balance scales. This was standardised in 1907 when one carat became 0.2grams. Furthermore, one carat is divided into 100 points. Therefore, 25 points is ¼Carat, 50 points ½Carat etc.
• The most valuable diamonds are colourless, they allow the most light to pass through the stone and create the most brilliance. Very few diamonds are colourless, so most diamonds will have some yellow in them, the less yellow the better. The colour scale goes from D – Z with D being the whitest and Z being the most yellow.

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Cut: The cut of a diamond doesn’t refer to its shape, but rather to its proportions. Diamond-cutting is a specialised craft, and when done properly it enhances both the beauty and value of the diamond. A brilliant cut diamond will have 57 or 58 facets, all lined up precisely. When cut this way, it allows the maximum amount of light to be dispersed through the upper facets, causing the light-glinting beauty we associate with true diamonds.

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ROUND - by far the most popular and most researched diamond shape available today. It has set the standard for all diamond shapes and is admired for its sparkle.

RADIANT – Trimmed corners are the signature of this diamond, making it a popular and versatile choice. This cut requires more weight to be directed toward the diamond’s depth in order to maximise brilliance.

PRINCESS – Its beautiful brilliance and unique cut makes it a favourite for engagement rings. This is a square or rectangular cut with numerous sparkling facets.

HEART – The ultimate symbol of love.

CUSHION – Cushion cut diamonds, also known as pillow cut diamonds have rounded corners and larger facets to increase their brilliance.

EMERALD – A rectangular shape with cut corners. A stone of the emerald cut will usually be a stone of superior clarity and colour.

PEAR – Also known as teardrop for its single point and rounded edge. If large enough to be set on its own the length of the diamond creates a subtle slimming effect on the fingers.

ASSCHER – This unique shape is almost identical to the emerald cut except it’s square.

TRILLIANT – Dramatic, bold and developed in the 1970s as a variation of the radiant cut.

MARQUISE – An elongated shape with pointed ends that can maximise carat weight, giving you a much larger looking diamond.

OVAL – An even symmetrical design popular for small hands, giving a flattering illusion of length to hand.

BAGUETTE – A relatively small elongated diamond that’s rectangular in shape. It has square corners with rows of step-cut facets parallel to the table.

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Colour: This is an extremely important element in assessing diamonds - the clearer the stone, the more rare and valuable it is. For commercial purposes, diamonds are graded from D to Z as follows:

D-F:colourless
G-J:near colourless
K-M:faint yellow
N-R:very light yellow
S-Z: light yellow

In the pink Coloured diamonds, pink in particular, are becoming increasingly popular mainly due to high profile purchases – such as David Beckham splashing out on behalf of wife Victoria. Only a few coloured diamonds are found each year making them highly sought after among the world’s finest jewellers. A pink diamond is graded according to the intensity of colour in each individual stone. A 28.03 carat pink diamond recently debuted at Sotheby’s Auction, valued for at least $7,000,000.

Something a little different Black diamonds have been around for a long time but it’s only in the last few years that the marketing and promoting of them has been upped, making them a fashion statement. Black would be considered as the least attractive colour for diamonds for obvious reasons. However, some couples will go to great lengths to stand out from the crowd.

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Clarity: Look closely at a diamond and you will see little ‘birthmarks’ inside.

These marks are known as inclusions and they affect the value of the diamond. Obviously a flawless diamond is the very purest stone and is rare. Most diamonds will contain some inclusions, but the fewer there are, the more beautiful the stone.

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Carat: The carat represents the unit of weight of the diamond and a general rule of thumb is that the bigger the stone, the greater its value and rarity.

However, it should be remembered that size alone does not indicate value - cut, colour and clarity are still the decisive factors when you are determining the final value of any diamond.

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Cost: How Much is Enough?

Should the 5th ‘C’ when buying diamonds relate to the cost?
Traditionally, it was expected that the cost of the engagement ring should equal roughly one - two months of your fiancés salary. Remember the De Beers publicity campaign ‘How else can a month’s salary last a lifetime?’

AND NOW FOR THE METAL ….

Metal: Once you’ve decided on the cut, (see above) you need to think about the metal your diamond will be sitting on.

Yellow gold is the traditional choice, 24 carat being the purest but the softest variety, so not recommended for engagement rings. 14 and 18 carat gold is less pure but harder making for a more durable engagement ring.
White gold is a popular choice but the rhodium plating used to enhance its appearance can wear off over time. Don’t be alarmed, your RJI jeweller can re-plate it.
Platinum is becoming a very popular choice. This silvery metal is highly resistant to damage, adding to the plus points. It is more rare than gold, which increases its price, but you can rest assured that a platinum engagement ring will last a lifetime.
Titanium, a striking greyish metal, has only recently been used for jewellery, making it a very modern choice. It is very durable and can be carved without losing its strength. A titanium ring is certainly something different.
Palladium is the latest metal on the block, palladium has been hallmarked in the UK since January. One of the platinum-group metals, it is tarnish-resistant, white and durable, allowing designers to produce stunning pieces which are lighter and more affordable than platinum.

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